DNA nanotechnology is a field which aims to leverage the structural specificity granted by DNA’s predictable base pairings to realize precise and controllable DNA nanostructures. This work encompasses two studies which integrate fundamental DNA assembly principles to interact with a wider set of materials.

 

The first study introduces the design and synthesis of a deployable DNA nanostructure. Being able to open, close, and store energy, this structure is first investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations before being studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and gel electrophoresis. These methods find high structural yield and good agreement between the simulated and experimental properties. The structure is then used to deliver a payload to a model cell, initiating an enzymatic reaction in the process. This demonstrates the versatile functionalities available to DNA structures.

 

The second study uses a 7-strand DNA motif to create meso- or macroscale DNA crystals via hierarchical assembly. These crystals are then ligated for extra stability and then functionalized using palladium and cadmium sulfide. The newly functionalized crystals show remarkably enhanced mechanical and optoelectronic properties. The Young’s modulus of the crystals increases by as much as 3 orders of magnitude, and conductive AFM (C-AFM) studies show similar distinct behaviors. The crystals are then discussed as a future platform for 2D heterostructures and other complex systems.

 

The design and assembly strategies developed in this thesis could offer versatile routes to create complex materials with programmability, scalability, and functionalities.